Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Face Cream
Dr. S. Valarmathi, Dr. M. Senthil Kumar, Vignesh Sharma, Mohamed Imran, Mohanasundaram
Annai Veilankanni’s College of Pharmacy, Chennai, 600015, Tamil Nadu, India.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: sahanashree2012@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Face creams are semi solids Preparation used for improving the complexion of the face. The main aim of this research work is to prepare the face creams using different herbs and the prepared face cream are evaluated for the efficacy. The herb used in the preparations (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5) are dried Aloe vera powder, dried Hibiscus flower powder, senna aurticulata dried powder, coriander dried powder and poly herb powder. The formulated face creams are evaluated for the various parameters like organoleptic properties, pH, stability, consistency, homogeneity and appearance. The results shown that all formulation gave satisfied results. The formulations F1, F2, F3, F4 containing single herb is compared with formulation F5 containing poly herb.
KEYWORDS: Formulation, Creams, Herbs, Cosmetic use.
INTRODUCTION:
Creams are semi solid preparation of Oil and Water.
· O/W
· W/O
O/W Creams which are composed of small droplets of Oil dispersed in continuous Water Phase. O/W type are more comfortable and more acceptable cosmetically(3,4) they are less greasy, easily washed off using Water.
W/O Creams which are composed of small droplets of Water dispersed in continuous Oil Phase. W/O types are more difficult to handle they are also moisturing(5,6) more as they provide oily barrier which reduce water loss from stratum corneum.(7,8)
USES:
· Cleansing
· Emollient Effect
· Aid in retention of Moistures ( W/o Creams)
· Physical/ Chemicals barrier like Sun screen.
Face Creams:
· Face Creams are used as cosmetic for softening and cleansing action.
· Emollient are non Cosmetic moisture preparations which come in the form of Creams, Ointment, Lotions and Gels. Emollient help the skin to feel comfortable.
· Emollient action provide a protective film for Patient with conditions such as eczema or psoriasis. Emollient are essential part of skin care.
· Emollient action are used in skin beauty application such as lipsticks, lotions, and other cosmetic products.
Ingredients for Face Creams:
Calendula:
It have anti Inflammatory and healing effects. It is used for the treatment of insect bites, cut, small wound.
Aloe Vera:
· Aloe Vera is an important key ingredients in wide range of beauty and skin care products.
· Improve the effectiveness of sun screen products relives itching and swelling of the irritated skins.
Hibiscus:
Hibiscus is said to have tanning effect rich in amino acid.
Semi Solid dosage forms:
Semi solid dosage preparation includes Ointments, Paste, Emulsion and gels.
Ointments:
Semi solid preparations are meant for external application to the skin or mucous membrane they usually contain medicament which is either dissolved or suspended in base and emollients.
Cream:
Creams are semisolid emulsion. It is lighter than the ointments they are less greasy and easy to apply.
Paste:
External applications that differs from similar products containing high. Proportion of finely powdered medicament they are stiffer and gives protective action.
Gellies:
Gellies are transparent or translucent, non greasy semisolid preparation mainly used for External purpose.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Collection of Herbs:
The Herbs to be used for this research study was collected from the local herbal shop at Chennai. The Collected Herbs are dried and sieved using sieve Number 30 and stored from in a air tight containers.
Extraction:
The Extraction Process used in this research study is Maceration. The Maceration means soaking the herbs in suitable solvents. During the soaking period the cells become softened and help in the passing of solvents into the herb and make the soluble ingredients to be dissolved.
|
Weigh 2 grams of herbal extract and transfer into a mortar and add polymer which is previously soaked in water and triturate thoroughly until homogeneous mixture is prepared. |
|
|
|
Prepare an aqueous phase by adding 0.8 g of Zinc oxide (Skin whitener) and 0.1 g of sodium benzoate (Preservative) in water. |
|
|
|
Prepare on oily phase by melting 1g bees wax in 1 ml of propylene glycol and 1ml of arachis oil in a china dish at 60°C. |
|
|
|
Heat aqueous phase separately. |
|
|
|
Add aqueous phase into oil phase drop wise in a mortar containing extract with stirring until creamy texture is obtained. |
Table No List of ingredients used in the formulation
|
Sl No |
Ingredients |
Category |
F1 Aloe Vera |
F2 Hibiscus Flower |
F3 Senna Auri Culate |
F4 Corriander |
F5 Poly Herb |
|
1 |
Herbal Extract |
Herb extract |
2 gm |
2 gm |
2 gm |
2 gm |
2 gm |
|
2 |
Glycerine |
Moisturizer |
1ml |
1ml |
1ml |
1ml |
1ml |
|
3 |
Propylene Glycol |
Moisturizer + binder |
1 ml |
1 ml |
1 ml |
1 ml |
1 ml |
|
4 |
Zinc Oxide |
Skin Whitener |
0.8 gm |
0.8 gm |
0.8 gm |
0.8 gm |
0.8 gm |
|
5 |
Methyl Cellulose |
Polymer |
2 gm |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
6 |
Sodium Alginate |
Polymer |
- |
- |
- |
2 gm |
- |
|
7 |
Ethyl Cellulose |
Polymer |
- |
2 gm |
- |
- |
- |
|
8 |
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose |
Polymer |
- |
- |
2 gm |
- |
- |
|
9 |
Sodium carboxy Methyl Cellulose |
Polymer |
- |
- |
- |
- |
2gm |
|
10 |
Bees Wax |
Base |
0.9 g |
0.9 g |
0.9 g |
0.9 g |
0.9 g |
|
11 |
Almond Oil |
Base |
0.1 ml |
0.1 ml |
0.1 ml |
0.1 ml |
0.1 ml |
|
12 |
Sodium Benzoate |
Preservative |
0.1 gm |
0.1 gm |
0.1 gm |
0.1 gm |
0.1 gm |
|
13 |
Purified Water |
Vehicle |
Q S |
Q S |
Q S |
Q S |
Q S |
Evaluation:
Organoleptic Evaluation:
The Face Cream thus obtained was evaluated for its organoleptic properties like colour, odour and state. The appearance of the cream was judged by its colour and roughness and graded.
Test for microbial growth in formulated Cream:
The Formulated Creams were inoculated on the plates of agar media by streak plate method and a control was prepared by excluding the cream. The plates were placed into the incubator and are incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. After the incubation period, plates were taken out and checked for the microbial growth by comparing it with the control.
Stability Test:
In the mechanical test cream samples were inserted into centrifuge tube at a speed of 3750 RPM for half an hour or 5000 to 10000 RPM for 15 Minutes then observed whether a separation exist or not.
Homogeneity:
Homogeneity of the prepared creams was confirmed by the visual appearance and by touch.
After Feel:
Emolliency, slipperiness and amount of residue left after the application of the fixed amount of cream was found to be good.
Dye Test:
Under Microscopic observation the disperse globules appear red in colour and the ground is colorless the cream prepared is O/W type. The dye test confirms that all formulations were O/W type emulsion cream.
Removal:
All the cream formulations are applied on the skin was easily removed by washing with tap water.
Irritancy Test:
All formulations shows no redness edema inflammation and irritation and during irritancy studies these formulations are found to be safe to use for the skin.
Skin Whitening Test:
5 volunteers were selected for the following studies. All the preparation are applied and observed for 1 month. After 1 month skin test has been done that there is no pigmentation and skin gets whitens from F5 formulation than other formulations. So F5 formulation shows better result than other formulation containing single herb.
RESULTS:
Table No 2 Results of the prepared formulations
|
Sl No |
Parameter |
F1 |
F2 |
F3 |
F4 |
F5 |
|
Aloe Vera |
Hibiscus Flower extracts |
Senna Auriculata |
coriander |
Poly Herb |
||
|
1 |
Color |
Ash Color |
Dark Brown Color |
Brown color |
Cream Color |
Light brown color |
|
2 |
Odour |
Characteristic |
Characteristic |
Characteristic |
Characteristic |
Characteristic |
|
3 |
PH |
5.2 |
5.3 |
5.1 |
5.2 |
5.4 |
|
4 |
Removal |
Easily removed by tap water |
Easely removed by tap water |
Easely removed by tap water |
Easely removed by tap water |
Easely removed by tap water |
|
5 |
Irritancy Test |
No irrtatency on the application, so safe for skin |
No irrtatency on the application, so safe for skin |
No irrtatency on the application, so safe for skin |
No irrtatency on the application, so safe for skin |
No irrtatency on the application, so safe for skin |
|
6 |
Hemogeneity |
Satisfied |
Satisfied |
Satisfied |
Satisfied |
Satisfied |
|
7 |
After feel |
Emollient |
Emollient |
Emollient |
Emollient |
Emollient |
|
8 |
Tex fuse |
Smooth |
Smooth |
Smooth |
Smooth |
Smooth |
|
9 |
Microbial growth |
Absence |
Absence |
Absence |
Absence |
Absence |
|
10 |
Stability Test |
No separation occurs so its formed to be stable |
||||
Stability Studies (Evaluation):
To assess the formulation stability, the stability studies were done. Each formulation were stored at 4°C room temperature and 40°C temperature for a month and observed for physical stability like colour.
Report of Stability Studies:
The colors were changed especially on the temperature of 40°C where as in other temperature it is stable.
CONCLUSION:
From the research of study it was concluded that poly herb containing F5 formulation shows better results than other formulation containing single herb. Thus F5 formulation removes skin pigmentation and improves face complexion.
REFERENCES:
1. Franklin Henry Hooper, “Encyclopedia Britannica”, 14th edition volume 23 of the “Encyclopedia Britannica” published by Encyclopedia Britannica Company, 1930.
2. Rimmel, E in the book of perfumes, Chapman and hall, London 1865.
3. Corson, Richard, “Fashions in makeup”, Peter Owen, London, 1972.
4. Nadkerni KM. Indian Meteria Medica Vol. I (3rd Ed.). Pub Bommbay popular prakashan private limited. 1976, PP. 73-74.
5. Joseph B and Justin Roy S. Pharmaognostic and Phytochemical properties of Aloe Vera Linn. An overview. International Journal of Pharmaceutical science review and research 2; 2010: 106-110.
6. Reynolds T, Aloes: The Genus Aloe, CRC press, 2004.
7. Syed TA, Ahmad SA, Holt AH, et al. Management of psoriasis with Aloe Vera extract in a hydrophilic cream: a place bo-controlled, double blind study. Trop Med Int Health. 1; 1996:505-509.
8. Dagne E, Bisrat D, Viljoen A and Vanwyk BE. Chemistry of Aloe Species. J current organic chemistry 4; 2000:1055-1078.
Received on 17.06.2019 Modified on 01.08.2019
Accepted on 29.08.2019 © RJPT All right reserved
Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2020; 13(1):216-218.
DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00043.8