ABSTRACT:
Background: Galls - an extraordinary phenomenon for a plant, when in response to the penetration of the inhumane biological organism, a new structure is formed which differs from the plant itself in its morphological, chemical and functional state. In folk medicine, oak hills were considered as a raw material suitable for various domestic and therapeutic. Purposes: duplication of animal skin, making ink, used as tea, stopping bleeding and wound healing. Different pharmacopies of the World at different times included time articles on various types of Galls. Oak galls of wild plants are not used and almost not being studied. Methods: Plant material (galls) was collected from 4 forest areas in the Kiev region in September-October 2017. Pharmacognostical study, physicochemical and phytoconstituent study was performed following standard Pharmacopoeial procedures. Results: The main thing is the presence of a capsule in a loose parenchyma gall. When wetting a break with iron chloride or iron ammonium alum, in the form of 1% solution appears black and blue staining. The revealed three zones: the epidermal, parenchymal, consisting of several layers and sclerenchymal, which surrounds the inner capsule. The following groups of biologically active substances have been identified: ascorbic acid, glucose, proteins, tannins, catechins, saponins and alkaloids. Conclusion: Diagnostic features are the presence of crystals of calcium oxalate in the outer, dense layer of the parenchyma, the middle region and in the internal parenchymal cells of the capsule. It is established that the amount of tannins is 70-75%. The amount of ascorbic acid is comparable to that in Rosae fructus and is 0.2%. The present study shows the prospects of using wild galls in Europe as alternatives to the import of Gallae turcicae, Gallae chinensis and Gallae pistaceae and the development of new drugs on their basis.