ABSTRACT:
In the present study, seed kernel ethanolic extract of Sapindus saponaria Vahl was analysed for its phytochemical, anti-oxidant capacity and anti-bacterial activity on Common Dental Pathogens. The extractive value was found to be 2.8 (%w/w). The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, tannins and saponins. The dose response curve of DPPH radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract of S.sapindus Vahl was compared with BHT and ascorbic acid showed nearly equal free radical scavenging activity (80%) at 0.1mg/ml. The scavenging activity of controls (BHT and ascorbic acid) was found to be 78.68 and 95% respectively. The IC50 values obtained was 0.04± 0.40mg/ml for seed kernel extract and for BHT (0.014±0.70 mg/ml) and ascorbic acid (0.027± 0.35 mg/ml) respectively. In ABTS radical scavenging method the inhibition was nearly 98% at 0.1 mg/ml for BHT. The IC50 values obtained was 0.012± 0.32 mg/ml for seed kernel extract and for BHT (0.018±0.60 mg/ml). The anti-bacterial activity of extracts was examined by ager well diffusion method at 200 mg mL-1sample concentration. The results of anti-bacterial activity were found that ethanolic extract of S.saponaria was most effective against all tested bacterial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguinis and Lactobacillus acidophilus).. Maximum anti-bacterial activity was observed against S.salivarius (23 mm) and lowest activity against S. sanguinis (9 mm). The results validate the traditional uses of S.saponaria Vahl in treatment of dental diseases and as a potent anti-oxidant.