Author(s):
Beaulah Angel P, Manjula K R, Shubha
Email(s):
manjula.kr@reva.edu.in
DOI:
10.52711/0974-360X.2025.00692
Address:
Beaulah Angel P1,2, Manjula K R1*, Shubha3
1Department of Biotechnology, REVA University, Yelahanka, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
2Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, M S Ramaiah College of Arts, Science and Commerce-Autonomous, MSR Nagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
3Department of Botany, Government First Grade College, Vijaynagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 18,
Issue - 10,
Year - 2025
ABSTRACT:
One of the dependable sources of medicine from time immemorial are plants. The existence of bioactive compounds in them has attracted researchers and pharmaceutical industries. In the present study Clitoria ternatea was subjected to evaluation of its ethanolic and methanolic extracts for phytochemical screening, quantitative and qualitative analysis. The study showed the positive results for alkaloid, flavanoid, steroid, glycoside, tannins, polyphenols, phenols and saponins. The quantitative analysis showed significant amounts of phenols and flavanoids in both the extracts. The plant extracts which were subjected to GCMS analysis revealed the presence of Supraene, beta.-Sitosterol acetate, Tetra tetracontane and 10-Methylnonadecane bioactive components. Further, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)biochemical assay exhibited a potent antioxidant activity of the plant extract with a low IC50 value of 7.33ug/ml and 4.91ug/ml for ethanolic and methanolic extracts respectively. Besides, ABTS assay showed IC50 value of 4.20ug/ml and 1.67ug/ml for ethanolic and methanolic extracts. These findings revealed Clitoria ternatea can be a future therapeutic modulator for the cure of numerous neurodegenerative disorders.
Cite this article:
Beaulah Angel P, Manjula K R, Shubha. Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant potential and Identification of Bioactive compounds using GC-MS of the leaf extracts of Clitoria ternatea. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2025;18(10):4803-9. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2025.00692
Cite(Electronic):
Beaulah Angel P, Manjula K R, Shubha. Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant potential and Identification of Bioactive compounds using GC-MS of the leaf extracts of Clitoria ternatea. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2025;18(10):4803-9. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2025.00692 Available on: https://www.rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2025-18-10-31
REFERENCES:
1. Amritha Dev Sudevan, Akila E, Narayana Swamy V B. Pharmacognostic, Physicochemical and Phytochemical Evaluation of The Leaves of Basella rubra Linn. (Basellaceae). Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2024; 16(2): 73-7. doi: 10.52711/0975-4385.2024.00014
2. Chandran, Rahul, and Heidi Abrahamse. Identifying Plant‐Based Natural Medicine against Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020.1 (2020).doi:10.1155/2020/8648742
3. Samal, Pradeep Kumar. Antioxidant activity of Strobilanthes asperrimus in albino rats. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2013; 3(2): 71-74
4. Potbhare, M., and Khobragade, D. In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential of Ayurvedic Preparations Lauha Bhasma and Mandura Bhasma. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2017; 7(2): 63-66.doi:10.5958/2231-5691.2017.00011.9
5. Uttara, J., and Mohini, U. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of aqueous extract bark of Ficus glomerata. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2008; 1(4): 537-538.
6. Prakash, C. R., Raja, S., Saravanan, G., Kumar, P. D., and Selvam, T. P. Synthesis and evaluation of antioxidant activities of some novel isatin derivatives and analogs. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science. 2011; 1(4): 140-143.
7. Sameer, S. J., Vijay, R. S., and Chandrakant, S. M. Daily consumption of antioxidants:-prevention of disease is better than cure. Asian Journal of pharmaceutical research. 2013; 3(1): 34-40.
8. Barua, C. C., Sen, S., Das, A. S., Talukdar, A., Hazarika, N. J., Barua, A. G., and Barua, I. A. A comparative study of the in vitro antioxidant property of different extracts of Acorus calamus Linn. Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resources. 2014; 4(1): 8-18.
9. Inze, D., and Van Montagu, M. Oxidative stress in plants. Current opinion in Biotechnology.1995; 6(2): 153-158.doi: 10.1016/0958-1669(95)80024-7
10. Dvorak, P., Krasylenko, Y., Zeiner, A., Samaj, J., and Takac, T. Signaling toward reactive oxygen species-scavenging enzymes in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2021; 2(1): doi:10.3389/ fpls.2020.618835
11. Zandi, P., and Schnug E. Reactive oxygen species, antioxidant responses and implications from a microbial modulation perspective. Biology. 2022; 11(2): 155. doi:10.3390/ biology11020155
12. Malathi, R., John, S. A., and Cholarajan, A. Antioxidant activity of extract from the leaves of Tylophora asthmatica. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science. 2012; 2(2): 80-82
13. Samydurai, P., and Saradha, M. Effects of Various Solvent on the Extraction of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Phenolics from the Stem Bark of Decalepis hamiltonii Wight and Arn. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science. 2016; 6(2): 129-134. doi:10.5958/2231-5659.2016.00018.7
14. Rahman, H., Vijaya, B., Ghosh, S., Pant, G., and Sibi, G. In vitro studies on antioxidant, hypolipidemic and cytotoxic potential of Parmeliaperlata. American Journalof Life Sciences. 2014; 2(7):. doi; 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2014020601.12
15. Islam, M. A., Mondal, S. K., Islam, S., Shorna, A., Nourin, M., Biswas, S., and Saleh, M. A. Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial Activity, and In Silico Analysis of the Methanolic Leaf and Flower Extracts of Clitoria ternatea. Biochemistry Research International. 2023. doi:10.1155/2023/8847876
16. Saha, D., and Tamrakar, A. Xenobiotics, Oxidative Stress, Free Radicals vs. Antioxidants: Dance of Death to Heaven's Life. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science. 2011; 1(2): 36-38.
17. Kawarkhe, P. R., Deshmane, S. V., and Biyani, K. R. Formulation and evaluation of antioxidant face cream containing raspberry fruit and grape seeds extract. Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences. 2016; 7(2): 73-78. doi:10.5958/2321-5844.2016.00012.1
18. Mukherjee, P. K., Kumar, V., Kumar, N. S., and Heinrich, M. The Ayurvedic medicine Clitoria ternatea—from traditional use to scientific assessment. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2008; 120(3): 291-301. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.009
19. Dahanayake, J. M., Perera, P. K., Galappatty, P., Perera, H. D. S. M., and Arawwawala, L. D. A. M. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine. 2019; 1(2019). doi:10.1155/2019/6037137
20. Kancherla, N., Dhakshinamoothi, A., Chitra, K., and Komaram, R. B. Preliminary analysis of phytoconstituents and evaluation of anthelminthic property of Cayratiaauriculata (in vitro). Maedica. 2019; 14(4): 350. doi:10.26574/maedica.2019.14.4.350
21. Das, B. K., Al-Amin, M. M., Russel, S. M., Kabir, S., Bhattacherjee, R., and Hannan, J. M. A. Phytochemical screening and evaluation of analgesic activity of Oroxylumindicum. Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2014; 76(6): 571-575
22. Hossain, M. A., AL-Raqmi, K. A. S., Al-Mijizy, Z. H., Weli, A. M., and Al-Riyami, Q. Study of total phenol, flavonoids contents and phytochemical screening of various leaves crude extracts of locally grown Thymus vulgaris. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine. 2013; 3(9): 705-710. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60142-2
23. Gul, R., Jan, S. U., Faridullah, S., Sherani, S., and Jahan, N. Preliminary phytochemical screening, quantitative analysis of alkaloids, and antioxidant activity of crude plant extracts from Ephedra intermedia indigenous to Balochistan. The Scientific World Journal. 2017; 1(2017). doi:10.1155/2017/5873648
24. Auwal, M. S., Saka, S., Mairiga, I. A., Sanda, K. A., Shuaibu, A., and Ibrahim, A. Preliminary phytochemical and elemental analysis of aqueous and fractionated pod extracts of Acacia nilotica (Thorn mimosa). Veterinary research forum: an international quarterly journal. 2014; 5(2): 95-100
25. Shah, R. K., and Yadav, R. N. S. Qualitative phytochemical analysis and estimation of total phenols and flavonoids in leaf extract of sarcochlamyspulcherrimawedd. Global Journal of Bio-Science and BioTechnology. 2015; 4(1): 81-84.
26. Tripathi, R. In Vitro Antidiabetic, Free Radical Quenching Effect and Phytochemical Profiling of Shankhpushpi With Special Reference to Chitrakoot Region. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovatives Research. 2018; 5(7): 549-557
27. Moon, J. K., and Shibamoto, T. Antioxidant assays for plant and foodcomponents. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2009; 57(5): 1655-1666.doi:10.1021/jf803537k
28. Benkhaira, N., Koraichi, S. I., and Fikri-Benbrahim, K. In vitro methods to study antioxidant and some biological activities of essential oils: a review. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry. 2022; 12(3): 3332.
29. Amudha, P., Jayalakshmi, M., Pushpabharathi, N., and Vanitha, V. Identification of bioactive components in Enhalusacoroides seagrass extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2018; 11(10): 313-315.
30. Olivia, N. U., Goodness, U. C., and Obinna, O. M. Phytochemical profiling and GC-MS analysis of aqueous methanol fraction of Hibiscus asper leaves. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2021; 7: 1-5. doi:10.1186/s43094-021-00208-4
31. Bari, M. W., Islam, A., Islam, M. M., Sultana, M. J., Afroz, R., Khan, M. M. R., and Islam, M. A. Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo antineoplastic effects against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma of methanolic extract of Sphagneticolacalendulacea (L.) Pruski. Heliyon. 2021; 7(6). doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07228
32. Zhang, P., Liu, N., Xue, M., Zhang, M., Liu, W., Xu, C., and Zhou, Y. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of β-sitosterol in copper sulfate-induced inflammation in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Antioxidants. 2023; 12(2): 391. doi:10.3390/antiox12020391
33. Swamy, M. K., Arumugam, G., Kaur, R., Ghasemzadeh, A., Yusoff, M. M., and Sinniah, U. R. GC-MS based metabolite profiling, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of different solvent extracts of Malaysian Plectranthusamboinicus leaves. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2017; 1(2017). doi https:10.1155/2017/1517683
34. Lin, T., Li, L., Liang, C., and Peng, L. Network pharmacology-based investigation of the therapeutic mechanisms of action of Danning tablets in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2021; 1(2021). doi: 10.1155/2021/3495360