Author(s):
Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan, Syifa Khairunnisa, Tarwadi, Damai Ria Setyawati, Febby Nurdiya Ningsih
Email(s):
dhadhang.kurniawan@unsoed.ac.id
DOI:
10.52711/0974-360X.2025.00813 
Address:
Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan1,2,3*, Syifa Khairunnisa1, Tarwadi3, Damai Ria Setyawati3, Febby Nurdiya Ningsih3
1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences Jenderal Soedirman University, Jl. dr. Suparno Kampus Unsoed Karangwangkal, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia.
2Graduate School Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Jl. Dr. Suparno Kampus Unsoed Karangwangkal, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia.
3Research Centre for Vaccine and Drug, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Building 610, LAPTIAB – Puspiptek Area, Setu, South Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 18,
Issue - 12,
Year - 2025
ABSTRACT:
Complexing liposomes with polymers enhances the structural integrity and stability of the liposome membrane. Alginate, a biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic polymer, emerges as a promising candidate for such complexation with liposomes. Notably, sodium alginate exhibits immunostimulant activity due to its inclusion of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are efficiently recognized by the body's immune receptors. In this study, liposomes were integrated with alginate nanoparticles through the addition of calcium chloride (CaCl2) at three distinct concentrations (0.16%, 0.32%, 0.64%). The resultant liposome-alginate nanoparticles were characterized using a particle size analyzer (PSA) to determine their size, size distribution, and zeta potential. The encapsulation efficiency of lysozyme within the liposome-alginate nanoparticles was quantified utilizing a UV-visible spectrophotometer. Furthermore, this combination was assessed for its biological activity, specifically nitric oxide (NO) release and cell viability in vitro, using the RAW 264.7 cell line. Liposomes complexed with alginate nanoparticles at CaCl2 concentrations of 0.16%, 0.32%, and 0.64% exhibited particle sizes of 281.7nm, 257nm, and 274.1nm, respectively, with polydispersity indices (PDI) of 0.389, 0.248, and 0.365, and zeta potentials of -0.874mV, -2.404mV, and -0.256mV, respectively. The data indicated that alginate concentration significantly influenced NO release (p<0.05) and RAW 264.7 cell viability (p<0.05). The incorporation of alginate into liposome formulations as a vaccine adjuvant not only enhances the physicochemical properties but also augments the efficacy of liposome adjuvants in stimulating NO production and promoting RAW 264.7 cell viability.
Cite this article:
Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan, Syifa Khairunnisa, Tarwadi, Damai Ria Setyawati, Febby Nurdiya Ningsih. Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Liposome-Coated Alginate Nanoparticle as Immune Adjuvant Candidate in RAW 264.7 Cells. Research Journal Pharmacy and Technology. 2025;18(12)5633-9: doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2025.00813
Cite(Electronic):
Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan, Syifa Khairunnisa, Tarwadi, Damai Ria Setyawati, Febby Nurdiya Ningsih. Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Liposome-Coated Alginate Nanoparticle as Immune Adjuvant Candidate in RAW 264.7 Cells. Research Journal Pharmacy and Technology. 2025;18(12)5633-9: doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2025.00813 Available on: https://www.rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2025-18-12-3
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