ABSTRACT:
Islet cell transplantation is one of the most promising therapeutic treatment for patients with diabetes. Islet cell transplantation provides low morbidity. In this treatment of islet cell transplantation, the beta cells are removed from a donors pancreas and transferred into the pancreas of a person with diabetes. Beta cells are one type of cell found in the islets of the pancreas which generally are responsible in producing insulin, Once the cells are transplanted, the donor islets begin to create and release insulin. The main purpose of study was to treat the patients suffering from type I diabetes mellitus. Islet cell transplantation is one of the well-established treatment for production of insulin. More importantly, the islet transplantation can provide glycemic control without exogenous insulin and risks of hypoglycaemia. The first experimental islet transplantation was conducted in a rodent model in 1972; several years after this a whole pancreas transplantation was initiated in a human patient. Generally speaking, clinical allogeneic islet transplantation involves four chronological steps: 1) Procurement of donor pancreas, 2) Isolation of pancreatic islets. 3) Assessment of isolated islets, and 4) Transplantation of harvested islets and patient follow up. Although islet transplantation has been widely accepted in recent years, the protocol has not obtained a license and is not accepted as a standard clinical treatment. Currently, many islet transplantation centres are planning or initiating license applications for clinical allogeneic islet transplantation.