ABSTRACT:
Highly polymorphic nature of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) at the level of population having precise variants of mtDNA influences function mitochondria. Promising confirmation that mechanism at mitochondrial are vital to commonly occurred human diseases, it is believable that variants of mtDNA became a factor to the “missing heritability” of various multifaceted traits. mtDNA genes plays a essential task of oxidative phosphorylation, the alike genetic variants likely to modify the chance of developing a number of diverse disorders, but to date this has not been shown and explained in systematic manner. Numerous facts suggest that mitochondria plays key role in ageing-associated neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, haplogroups of mitochondria are related to several aspects of medicine, from habitual ageing to diseases, together with neurodegeneration. Mitochondrial genome polymorphisms might cause troubled generation of energy and leads to formation of large amount of reactive oxygen species, having capability of either susceptibility or shielding role in multiple diseases. In the present review, we emphasize the function of the mitochondrial haplogroups in the pathogenetic rise cause of diseases.