ABSTRACT:
Background: Periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent oral diseases affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth, gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Oxidative Stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Dietary supplementation of proanthocyanidin enhanced the host resistance as well as the inhibition of the biological and mechanical irritants involved in the onset of gingivitis and the progression of periodontal disease. Aim: The aim of the present study is to assess whether proanthocyanidins could exert protective as well as therapeutic effect on endotoxin induced experimental periodontitis in rats. Protective action of proanthocyanidins is investigated by assaying the free radicals, acute phase proteins, nonenzymatic antioxidants, in comparison with a standard antimicrobial agent ‘tinidazole’. Materials and Methods: Experimental periodontitis was induced by injecting E.coli endotoxin. On the 10th day of endotoxin induction, the animals were divided into group,3and4 groups of 6 animals receiving 30mg proanthocyanidins (sc-sub cutaneously)/kg body weight for 30 days; and 20mg tinidazole (administered orally)/kg body weight for 30 days. After 30 days of treatment procedure, the animals were sacrificed blood was collected for Biochemical assay. Rat maxillae was dissected out for histo pathological evaluation. Results: Levels of free radicals, acute phase proteins and Nonenzymatic antioxidants were significantly increased in experimental periodontitis rats as compared to PC and tinidazole treated groups showed significant inhibition of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides (P< 0.001). Conclusion: Proanthocyanidin, has been shown to provide a significant anti-inflammatory effect on endotoxin (Escherichia coli) induced experimental periodontitis in rats and is a promising drug for treating periodontitis.