Author(s):
Sangeetha. M, Banurekha. J
Email(s):
sangee264@gmail.com
DOI:
10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00957.9 
Address:
Sangeetha. M1,2*, Banurekha. J1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vinayaka Mission’s College of Pharmacy, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem 636 308, Tamilnadu, India.
2Cherraan’s College of Pharmacy, Telungupalayam Pirivu, Coimbatore 641 039, Tamilnadu, India.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 13,
Issue - 11,
Year - 2020
ABSTRACT:
Medicinal plants are the oldest source of pharmacologically active compounds. They are provided with the only source of medicinally useful compounds for centuries. Ethnobotanic and chemotaxonomic studies may provide clues to prospection of bioactive molecules of interest. Plants synthesize an extensive array of secondary metabolites, or natural products and many of them have pharmacological properties. These bioactive compounds can be found in plants traditionally used for medical purposes. One plant family with considerable chemical potential is the Rubiaceae. It is a large plant family, with 13,143 registered species distributed in 611 genera. Rubiaceae species are distributed mostly in tropical and humid locations. Plants belonging to this family can be easily recognized by their opposite leaves, interpetiolar stipules, and inferior ovary. Psychotria species (Rubiaceae) one of the largest genera of angiosperms is taxonomically complex due to the unwieldy number of species and the relative lack of morphological characteristics is available to establish subgrouping. Unexplored biodiversity and high levels of endemism combined with ethnopharmacological knowledge from traditional communities, lead to high potential for drug discovery in this region. Some plants from the neotropics are already booming in the international scenario. This review gives a detailed study of species, alkaloids and pharmacological activity of Psychotria species.
Cite this article:
Sangeetha. M, Banurekha. J. Psychotria - An Overview. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2020; 13(11):5484-5488. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00957.9
Cite(Electronic):
Sangeetha. M, Banurekha. J. Psychotria - An Overview. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2020; 13(11):5484-5488. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00957.9 Available on: https://www.rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2020-13-11-72
REFERENCES:
1. Desmarchelier C, “Neotropics and natural ingredients for pharmaceuticals: why isn’t South American biodiversity on the crest of the wave?” Phytother Res, 2010; 24:791-799.
2. Mittermeier RA, Da Fonseca GAB, Rylands AB, Brandon K, “A brief history of biodiversity conservation in Brazil”, Conserv Biol, 2005; 19:601-607.
3. Mertens-Talcott S, Rios J, Jilma-Stohlawetz P, Pacheco-Palencia L, Meibohm B, Talcott S, Dergendorf H, “Pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and antioxidant effects after the consumption of anthocyanin-rich acai juice and pulp (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) in human healthy volunteers”, J Agric Food Chem, 2008; 56:7796-7802.
4. Morton JE, “Major medicinal plants. Botany, culture and uses”, Charles C Thomas, Springfield, 1977.
5. Giorgetti M, Negri G, Rodrigues E, “Brazilian plants with possible action on the central nervous system – a study of historical sources from the 16th to 19th century”, J Ethnopharmacol, 2007; 109:338-347.
6. Mangan˜a-Garcia M, Arista-Viveros A, “Cutaneous amoebiasis in children”, 1993; 10:352-355.
7. Freedland CS, Mansbach RS, Behavioral profile of constituents in ayahuasca, an Amazonian psychoactive plant mixture. Drug Alcohol Depend, 1999;54:183-194.
8. Elisabetsky E, Castilhos ZC, “Plants used as analgesics by Amazonian Caboclos as a basis for selecting plants for investigation”, Pharm Biol, 1990; 28:309-320.
9. Elisabetsky E, Amador TA, Albuquerque RR, Nunes DS, Carvalho Ado C, “Analgesic activity of Psychotria colorata (Willd. ex. R. and S.) Muell. Arg. Alkaloids”, J Ethnopharmacol, 1995; 48:77-83.
10. Hadi S, Bremner JB, “Initial studies on alkaloids from Lombok medicinal plants”, Molecules, 2001; 6:117-129.
11. 11.Verotta L, Peterlongo F, Elisabetsky E, Amador TA, Nunes DS, “High-performance liquid chromatography – diode array detection – tandem mass spectrometry analyses of the alkaloid extracts of Amazon Psychotria species”, J Chromatogr A, 1999; 841:165-176.
12. Kerber VA, Passos CS, Verli H, Fett-Neto AG, Quirion JP, Henriques AT, “Psychollatine, a glucosidic onoterpene indole alkaloid from Psychotria umbellate”, J Nat Prod, 2008;71:697-700.
13. Paranhos JT, Fragoso V, Silveira VC, Henriques AT, Fett-Neto AG, “Organ-specific and environmental control of accumulation of psychollatine, a major indole alkaloid glucoside from Psychotria umbellate”, Biochem Syst Ecol, 2009;37:707-715.
14. Gregianini TS, Silveira VC, Porto DD, Kerber VA, Henriques AT, Fett-Neto AG, “The alkaloid brachycerine is induced by ultraviolet radiation and is a singlet oxygen quencher”, Photochem Photobiol ,2003;78:470-474.
15. Nascimento NC, Fragoso V, Moura DJ, Silva ACR, Fett-Neto AG, Saffi J, “Antioxidant and antimutagenic effects of the crude foliar extract and the alkaloid brachycerine of Psychotria brachyceras”, Environ Mol Mutagen, 2007;48:728-734.
16. Porto DD, Papel do alcalo´ide braquicerina na resposta ao estresse por radiac¸a˜o ultravioletae dano mecaˆnico em Psychotria brachyceras Mull Arg. Thesis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 2009, (UFRGS).
17. Simo˜es-Pires CA, Farias FM, Marston A, Queiroz EF, Chaves CG, Henriques AT, Hostettmann K, “Indole monoterpenes with antichemotactic activity from Psychotria myriantha: chemotaxonomic significance”, Nat Prod Commun, 2006;1:1101-1106.
18. Farias FM, Passos CS, Arbo MD, Zuanazzi JAS, Steffen VM, Henriques AT, “Monoamine levels in rat striatum after acute intraperitoneal injection of strictosidinic acid isolated from Psychotria myriantha Mull. Arg. (Rubiaceae)”, Phytomedicine, 2010; 17:289-291.
19. Henriques AT, Lopes S, Paranhos JT, Gregianini TS, Von Poser G, Fett-Neto AG, Schripsema J, “N, b-D-Glucopyranosyl vincosamide, a light regulated indole alkaloid from the shoots of Psychotria leiocarpa”, Phytochemistry, 2004;65:449-454.
20. Solis PN, Wright CW, Gupta MP, Phillipson JD, “Alkaloids from Cephaelis dichroa”, Phytochemistry, 1993; 33:1117-1119.
21. Farias FM, “Psychotria myriantha Mull Arg. (rubiaceae): caracterizac¸a˜o dos alcalo´ides e avaliac¸a˜o das atividades antiquimiota´xica e sobre o sistema nervoso central”, 2009 Thesis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
22. De Santos LV, Fett-Neto AG, Kerber VA, Elisabetsky E, Quirion J, Henriques AT, “Indole monoterpene alkaloids from leaves of Psychotria suterella Mull Arg. (Rubiaceae)”, Biochem Syst Ecol, 2001; 29:1185-1187.
23. Lopes SO, “Ana´lise quı´mica e cultivo in vitro de Psychotria leiocarpa Cham Et Schlecht e Psychotria carthagenensis Jacq. (Rubiaceae)”, Thesis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 1998.
24. Paul JHA, Maxwell AR, Reynolds WF, “Novel bis(monoterpenoid) indole alkaloids from Psychotria bahiensis”, J Nat Prod, 2003; 66:752-754.
25. Murugaiyan Iniyavan, Devadoss Sangeetha, Shanmugam Saravanan, and Thangaraj Parimelazhagan, “Evaluation of Antioxidant and Pharmacological Properties of Psychotria nilgiriensis Deb and Gang Food”, Sci. Biotechnol, 2012; 21(5): 1421-1431.
26. Ziegler J, Facchini PJ, “Alkaloid biosynthesis: metabolism and trafficking”, Annu Rev Plant Biol, 2008; 59:735-769.
27. Ouwerkerk PBF, Hallard D, Verpoorte R, Memelink J, “Identification of UV-B light responsive regions in the promoter of the tryptophan decarboxylase gene from Catharanthus Roseus”, Plant Mol Biol, 1999; 41:491-503.
28. Gatehouse J, “Plant resistance towards insect herbivores: a dynamic interaction”, New Phytol, 2002; 156:145-169.
29. Rasmussen S, Parsons AJ, Bassett S, et al, “High nitrogen supply and carbohydrate content reduce fungal endophyte and alkaloid concentration in Lolium perenne”, New Phytol, 2007; 173:787-797.
30. Pasquali G, Porto DD, Fett-Neto AG, “Metabolic engineering of cell cultures versus whole plant complexity in production of bioactive monoterpene indole alkaloids: recent progress related to old dilemma”. J. Biosci Bioeng, 2006; 101:287-296.
31. Iwase A, Aoyagi H, Ohme-Takagi M, Tanaka H, “Development of a novel system for producing ajmalicine and serpentine using direct culture of leaves in Catharanthus roseus intact plant”, J. Biosci Bioeng, 2005; 99: 208-215.