ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Okra, which belong to Malvaceae family, is well known used as a food ingredient due to its high fiber content. Objective: In this study, the antiradical strength of okra seed extracts and fractions was investigated. Methodology: Okra seeds were dried and macerated with ethanol. Further, it is fractionated by different solvents based on the level of polarity from the non-polar to the polar, including n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water. The extracts and fractions were then tested for antiradical strength using DPPH and analysis of phenolic and flavonoid contents were performed. Results: Ethanol extract and fractions of okra seeds showed very strong free antiradical activity, and ethyl acetate fraction being strongest fraction with IC50 value of 10.097±0.074µg/mL. Meanwhile, the phenolic and flavonoid contents of ethyl acetate fraction were the highest among other fractions with the values of 61.412±0.196 EAG and 97.933±0.222 EQ, respectively, with correlation values (R2) 0.9281 (phenolic) and 0.6229 (Flavonoids). Conclusion: Extract and ethyl acetate fraction of Okra seed had good radical inhibition properties, which indicated its potential for further development assays.
Cite this article:
Yamin, Ruslin, Mistriyani, La Ode Muhammad Fitrawan, Sabarudin, Muhammad Arba. Free Radical Scavenging Activity of extract and fraction of Okra seeds determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy) method. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(4):2045-8. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2021.00363
Cite(Electronic):
Yamin, Ruslin, Mistriyani, La Ode Muhammad Fitrawan, Sabarudin, Muhammad Arba. Free Radical Scavenging Activity of extract and fraction of Okra seeds determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy) method. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(4):2045-8. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2021.00363 Available on: https://www.rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2021-14-4-39
REFERENCES:
1. Rajesh J, Prasad VM, Ranganna G. Evaluation of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.] Hybrids for yield and economics under Allahabad agro climatic condition. International Journal of Chemical Studies. 2019; 7(1):323-325.
2. Camciuc M, Bessiere JM, Vilarem G, Gaset A. Volatile components in okra seed coat. Phytochemistry. 1981; 48(2):311-315.
3. Liao H, Liu H, Yuan K. A new flavonol glycoside from the Abelmoschus esculentus Linn. Pharmacognosy Magazine. 2012; 8(29):12-15.
4. Arapitsas P. Identification and quantification of polyphenolic compounds from okra seeds and skins. Food Chemistry. 2008; 110(4):1041- 1045.
5. Xia F, Li C, Zhao N, Li H, Chang Q, Liu X, Liao Y, Pan R. Rapid Determination of Active Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Okra Seeds Using Fourier Transform Near Infrared (FT-NIR) Spectroscopy. Molecules. 2018; 23(3): 550.
6. Ahmed D, Khan MM, Saeed R. Comparative Analysis of Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Methanolic, Hexanic and Aqueous Extracts from Adiantum caudatum Leaves. Antioxidants. 2015; 4: 394-409.
7. Gangadhara MM, Dinesha R, Murari SK. A non-cytotoxic pseudo peptide KL1 with potent antioxidant activity. Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry. 2017;10(2):127-130.
8. Elias J, Rajesh MG, Anish NP, Deepa P, Jayan N. In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of the Methanolic Extract of Simaruba glauca DC. Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry. 2010; 3(2):312-315.
9. Kumar T, Jain V. Phytochemical screening, phenolic, flavonoids, carotenoids contents and antioxidant activity of folkloric Memecylon edule roxb. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2016;9(10):1547-1551.
10. Umavandhana R, Jayanthi S. Analysis of Phytochemical compounds and DPPH radical scavenging activity of Dictyotadichotoma and Halimedamacroloba. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2018;11(8):3440-3444.
11. Shekhar TC, and Goyal A. Antioxidant Activity by DPPH Radical Scavenging Method of Ageratum conyzoides Linn. Leaves. American Journal of Ethnomedicine. 2014; 1(4): 244-249.
12. Pisoschi AM, Negulescu GP. Methods for Total Antioxidant Activity Determination: A Review. Biochemistry & Analytical Biochemistry. 2011;1: 106-115.
13. Shukla A, Kaur A, Shukla RK, Anchal. Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant capacity, Total flavonoid and Phenolic content of Ehretia acuminata R. Br. fruit. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2019;12(4):1811-1816.
14. Sheela D, Cheenickal M. Total Phenolics and Flavonoids among The Selected Species of Syzygium, Gaertn. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2017;9(2):101-104.
15. Punasiya R, Pillai S. In vitro, antioxidant activity of various leaves extract {ofHibiscus} syriacus L. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2015;7(1):18-24.
16. Ansari AQ, Ahmed SA, Waheed MA, Juned SA. Extraction and determination of antioxidant activity of Withania somnifera Dunal. European Journal of Experimental Biology. 2013; 3(5):502-507.
17. Garcia EJ, Cadorin Oldoni TL, de Alencar SM, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Miranda Grande RH. Antioxidant activity by DPPH assay of potential solutions to be applied on bleached teeth. Brazilian Dental Journal. 2012;23(1):22-27.
18. Rohman A, Riyanto S, Yuniarti N, Saputra WR, Utami R, Mulatsih W. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic, and total flavaonoid of extracts and fractions of red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam). International Food Research Journal. 2010;17: 97-106.
19. John B, Sulaiman CT, George S, Reddy VRK, 2014, Total Phenolics And Flavonoids In Selected Medicinal Plants From Kerala. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2014; 6(1): 406-408.
20. Bag GC, Grihanjali Devi P, Bhaigyaba T. Assessment of total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of methanolic rhizome extract of three Hedychium species of Manipur valley. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research. 2015;30(1):154-159.
21. Jamuna SS, Paulsamy, Karthika K. Screening of in vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic leaf and root extracts of Hypochaeris radicata L. (Asteraceae). Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2012; 02(07): 149-154.
22. Rai M, Acharya K. Proximate Composition, Free Radical Scavenging and NOS Activation Properties of Ramaria aurea. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2012;5(11):1421-1427.
23. Sai RA, Godwin CJ, Thankamani V. Comparative Study on Antioxidant Property of Terminalia arjuna Bark and Corewood. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2013; 6(9):996-1000.
24. Villano D, Fernandez-Pachon MS, Moya ML, Troncoso AM, Garcia-Parilla MC. Radical scavenging ability of phenolic compounds towards DPPH free radical. Talanta, 2007;71(1): 230–235.
25. Koleva II, van Beek TA, Linssen JPH., de Groot A, Evstatieva LN. Screening of plant extracts for antioxidant activity: a comparative study on three testing methods. Phytochemical Analysis. 2002; 13(1): 8-17.
26. Gahlot K, Lal VK, Jha S. Total Phenolic content, flavonoid content and In vitro antioxidant activities of Flemingia species (Flemingia chappar, Flemingia macrophylla and Flemingia strobilifera. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2013;6(5):516-523.
27. Chun OK, Kim DO, Lee CY. Superoxide Radical Scavenging Activity of the Major Polyphenols in Fresh Plums. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2003;51(27):8067-8072.
28. Janaszewska A, Bartosz G. Assay of total antioxidant capacity: comparison of four methods as applied to human blood plasma. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. 2002; 62: 231–236.
29. Permatasari L, Rohman A. 2016. 2,2’-diphenil-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) Radical Scavenging Activity of Extracts and Fractions of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Peel. Research Journal of Phytochemistry. 2016; 10(2): 75-80.
30. Pratiwi L, Fudholi A, Martien R, Pramono S, Ethanol Extract, Ethyl Acetate Extract, Ethyl Acetate Fraction, and n-Heksan Fraction Mangosteen Peels (Garcinia mangostana L.) As Source of Bioactive Substance Free-Radical Scavenger. Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research. 2016; 01:71-82.