Author(s):
Hafid Syahputra, Muchlisyam Bachri, Masfria, Yade Metri Permata, Chemayanti Surbakti, Rida Evalina Tarigan, Maria Belen Sitepu
Email(s):
muchlisyam@usu.ac.id
DOI:
10.52711/0974-360X.2026.00503 
Address:
Hafid Syahputra1,4, Muchlisyam Bachri1*, Masfria1, Yade Metri Permata1, Chemayanti Surbakti2, Rida Evalina Tarigan3, Maria Belen Sitepu5
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.
2Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.
3Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, Indonesia.
4Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya, South Sumatra 30662, Indonesia.
5Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 19,
Issue - 8,
Year - 2026
ABSTRACT:
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris Lindl.) contains a wide range of phytochemicals, including secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins, which are associated with various biological activities. This study aimed to characterize the secondary metabolites of beetroot based on their functional groups using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, combined with chemometric approaches, namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA). Methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts were analyzed within the wavenumber range of 4500–400 cm?¹. PCA revealed that PC-1 and PC-2 accounted for 74% and 22% of the total variance, respectively, and together explained 96% of the spectral variability. CA demonstrated that ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts exhibited 99.60% similarity (Group 1), while the methanol extract showed 92.73% similarity with Group 1 but formed a separate cluster (Group 2). Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. For S. aureus, inhibition zones increased from 9.73mm at 25% extract concentration to 10.80mm at 100%, while for S. mutans, inhibition zones increased from 9.30mm to 10.33mm over the same concentration range. These findings indicate that beetroot extracts possess distinct functional group profiles depending on solvent polarity and exhibit concentration-dependent antibacterial activity, highlighting their potential as natural antibacterial agents.
Cite this article:
Hafid Syahputra, Muchlisyam Bachri, Masfria, Yade Metri Permata, Chemayanti Surbakti, Rida Evalina Tarigan, Maria Belen Sitepu. FTIR Profiling of Secondary Metabolites and Antibacterial Activity of Beta vulgaris Lindl. Extracts. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2026;19(8):3553-1. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2026.00503
Cite(Electronic):
Hafid Syahputra, Muchlisyam Bachri, Masfria, Yade Metri Permata, Chemayanti Surbakti, Rida Evalina Tarigan, Maria Belen Sitepu. FTIR Profiling of Secondary Metabolites and Antibacterial Activity of Beta vulgaris Lindl. Extracts. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2026;19(8):3553-1. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2026.00503 Available on: https://www.rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2026-19-8-20
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